The Aztec Indians, Who Are Known For Their Essays (488 words)

The Aztec Indians, who are known for their mastery of southern and focal Mexico, administered between the fourteenth and sixteenth hundreds of years. Their name is gotten from Azatlan, the country of the north. The Aztecs additionally call themselves Mexica and there language originated from the Nahuatlan part of the Uto-Aztecan family. The Aztecs were framed after the Toltec human progress happened when several regular people came towards Lake texcoco. Late families were shocking and had to go to the bog lands. In the marsh lands there was as it were one real estate parcel to cultivate on and it was completely encircled by more swamps . The Aztec families some how changed over these hindrances to a might domain known as they Aztec Realm. Individuals state the realm was in part shaped by a profoundly accepted legend. As the legend went it said that Aztec individuals would make a realm on in a marshy spot where they would see a bird eating a snake while roosted on a prickly plant which is becoming out of a stone in the swamplands. This is the thing that clerics asserted they saw while entering the new land. Constantly 1325 Their capital city was done. They called it Tenochtitlan. In the capital city water channels (funneling) were developed, spans were assembled, and chinapas were made. Chinapas were little islands framed by pilled up mud. On these chinapas Aztecs developed corn, beans, stew peppers, squash, tomatoes, and tobacco. Tenochtitlan (the capital city) was canvassed in mammoth strict sculptures in request to offer their appreciation to the divine beings. In the Aztec religion various divine beings controlled an Aztec's day by day life. A portion of these divine beings include: Uitzilpochtli (the sun god), Coyolxauhqui (the moon goddess), Tlaloc (the downpour god), and Quetzalcoatl (the creator of the schedule and composing). Another piece of the Aztec religion was human penances. For their penances the minister would lay the man or lady over a curved (adjusted) stone, at that point he would take a sharp blade and cut the casualties heart out. They did this on the grounds that they accepted that great divine beings could keep terrible divine beings from doing abhorrent things and they additionally accepted that great divine beings got their quality from human blood and hearts so they had forfeits so as to keep their divine beings solid. For major ceremonies warriors were relinquished, for the warrior this was probably the best respect and for minor ceremonies detainees were utilized. In an Aztec marriage the husbands to be shirt is tied to the ladies dress so as to communicate there holding and after the wedding incents were singed for 4 days prior continuing with the marriage. In 1519 Hernando Cortes, a Spanish adventurer, drove more than 500 men into Aztec domain to look for gold. Aztecs thought he was an agent for a specific white cleaned god so they regarded him. Everything changed when the Aztecs saw that Hernando was dissolving down their brilliant sculptures and transportation them back to Spain. The Aztecs chose to assault Hernando and his men. The Aztecs were fruitful what's more, drove the Spanish away. In 1520 the Spanish assaulted the Aztec's capital city and crushed their development. That was the finish of the Aztec's compelling domain had assembled so some time in the past.

How the battle of Brandywine was a successful win for the British, but Research Paper

How the skirmish of Brandywine was a fruitful success for the British, however a strategic success for the US - Research Paper Example The Brandywine fight was a genuinely definitive war between the Incomparable Britain and its thirteen North American states. This fight saw the Great Britain rising the fruitful victor while the United States had a strategic win.1 During the fight, the US powers were under the order of George Washington while the British powers were under the order of William Howe. At the time Washington was getting into this fight, he had quite recently endured a genuine thrashing in New York, which implied that a success in the Brandywine fight was exceptionally basic so as to resuscitate American quality and spirit. Then again, Howe was exceptionally enlivened 1by the Philadelphia Campaign, which was basically a British target to catch Philadelphia during the American Revolutionary War. Howe and Washington were both noteworthy and renowned men in deciding the results of the American Revolution.1 The Battle of Brandywine The fight started in an early morning after the British, 2and the Hessian warr iors withdrew from Kennett Square. Their flight followed a stroll along the Brandywine Creek with a mean to encase the American fighters across Jeffries’ passage. This exuded from the need to catch Philadelphia. ... The other crew of Howe’s men, which was made of the greater part, was to walk north of Wistar’s Ford, at that point cross the stream at an area obscure to Washington. Having predominant strategies and great information on the fight ground empowered the British soldiers to vanquish Washington and his soldiers on their own fight ground.2 In 1777, the British propelled an endeavor to clear out the flashing revolt in its North American settlements. Its primary target was to part the provinces with joining undertakings centered upon the Hudson valley. During this period, General Howe would not participate in the Saratoga fight and rather, moved into Pennsylvania where he vanquished Washington in the clash of Brandywine. In Brandywine, Howe took over Philadelphia and vanquished Washington’s assault on Germantown. American’s win in the skirmish of Saratoga joined discretionary help from France and other European countries. Eventually, the fight at the Middle Atla ntic area had come into a halt, however later remote guide came to spare the circumstance. The Battle of Saratoga spurred France to get into a union with the United States whereby Franklin and the French outside clergyman of that time marked an arrangement. Afterward, Spain got into war against Great Britain in 1779. Nonetheless, the help given by the Spanish to the Americans was not of much assistance to the United States. Then again, the French offered tremendous help with terms of officers, mariners, supplies, and cash, which were profoundly urgent for America’s accomplishment in the Saratoga fight. The 3Americans kept on battling valiantly, yet, tragically, the British soldiers had outsmarted them on the moving slopes in the Brandywine. The success didn't prevent the British soldiers from showing up at the fight ground, however

30 Tiny Lessons From 30 Memoirs, 2019 Edition

30 Tiny Lessons From 30 Memoirs, 2019 Edition This is my second annual 30 tiny lessons from 30 memoirs. This year, the books had all had this strange harmony of family, healing and finding your voice. From the jewel toned beauty of Corfu to the bustle of Nigeria to the small beauty of a garden in Bloomington Indiana, each of these books taught me something about grace. Here is to 2020 and another 30 memoirs. Deep Creek: Finding Hope in the High Country By Pam Houston Lesson: There is a deep solace in solitude, space and getting snowed in.   The power of the mountains conquers even the darkest memories and the magic works even better when we share it with others. Claiming Ground By Laura Bell  Lesson: The Wyoming wind only calls a select few, but those it does are a lucky bunchâ€"Caluses, sunburn, frostbite, hardship and all. The Book of Delights By Ross Gay  Lesson: Even in a world scarred by division and greed, there are moments of great beauty, kindness and delight. Stick your hands in the dirt more while you are at it. The Solace of Open Spaces By Gretel Ehrlich  Lesson: There is a power to being a border walker between rural and urban. Those who can walk this fence line of culture and place slice through every kind nonsense and get straight to the core of who we are. Welcome to the Goddamn Ice Cube: Chasing Fear and Finding Home in the Great White North by Blair Braverman Lesson: Home doesn’t have a uniform. For some, it is the warmth of the tropics; for others, it’s a desert. For those like Blair Braverman, it is made of ice, snow, and lots and lots of dogs. My Family and Other Animals By Gerald Durrell Lesson: Often the wildest thing we can find is not exotic animals or poisonous plants, but the antics of our family members. The Collected Schizophrenias: Essays By Esmé Weijun Wang Lesson: Our illnesses do not define us. However, those same maladies often give us powerful perspectives that must be shared. The Salt Path By Raynor Winn Lesson: Cornwall isnt just Doc Martin and Poldark; it is a complicated place with very modern problems. Never the less when the world collapses around your feet, put on your walking shoes and head sound of crashing waves. All Ships Follow Me: A Family Memoir of War Across Three Continents By Mieke Eerkens Lesson: Trauma is one of the ugly family secrets that defies oceans, cultures and World Wars and the best thing we can do is understand it. We Were Rich and we didn’t know it: A Memoir of   My Irish boyhood By Tom Phalen Lesson: Tom Phalen finds out that his uncle kept a letter Tom had written about Ireland under his pillow as he lay dying. We never know how our words impact people, and often the most interesting characters are not in books or on TV but across our kitchen tables. Rough Magic: Riding the Worlds Loneliest Horse Race By Laura Prior Palmer Lesson: Take risks. Big things can happen, even galloping across the Mongolian steppe on semi-feral horses. The Farmers Son: Calving Season on a Family Farm By John Connell Lesson: To become the person we want to be, often we have to return home, put on our work boots, and get in the mud. Cows, sheep, and Connemara ponies often have more to teach us than we ever give them credit for. The Grassling By Elizabeth-Jane Burnett Lesson: The land we live on can often be a save for grief and a muse for art. The Reckoning: Essays on Justice for the Twenty-First Century by Lacy M. Johnson Lesson: Many women are carefully taught to be silent, but when we speak we have power. Long live the rise of those unafraid to make us uncomfortable. My Parents / This Does Not Belong to You By Aleksander Hemon Lesson: Often our own parents and our family history are not what we remember them being; discovering them anew offers its own kind of magic. Late Migrations: A Natural History of Love and Loss By Marget Renkl Lesson: Often our own backyard is the greatest wilderness we need. We Should All Be Feminists by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Lesson: Raise your hands! It is time to de-colonize feminism! Horizon By Barry Lopez Lesson: A lifetime of traveling, writing, and seeing the ravages of modern consumerism has made Barry Lopez leery of our Western definition of Success. Perhaps we should be too. Being a Beast: Adventures Across the Species Divide By Charles Foster Lesson: Humans are not very well suited for burrowing, flying or swimming in rivers long term, however what we can learn from them makes us better humans. Also, otters are essentially tiny sociopaths. How to Be Alone: If You Want To, and Even If You Dont By Lane Moore Lesson: Figuring out how to love when there is no role model to show you is as challenging, scary, and full of peril as moving to New York City alone. Yet, if Lane Moore has anything to say about it, anything is possible. Thick: And Other Essays By Tressie McMillian Cottom Lesson: So much of the value placed on each of us is wrapped up in class, race, and the shape of our bodies. The idea of preference is “a capitalist lies” and the only way to defy it is to talk about it. Lab Girl by Hope Jahren Lesson: If you have a dream, build it, and then rebuild it and then rebuild it again, just like Hope Jahren did with her labs. It also helps to have a friend named Bill. The Witches are Coming by Lindy West Lesson: The absurdity of the web is often the perfect lense to try to grapple with everything from climate change to racism to American politics. Trust Lindy Westâ€"she is the head witch of the internet. Sightlines by Kathleen Jamie Lesson: There is magic in slowing down, listening to the wind and wandering far. And often one of the best gifts we can give our children is a deep sense of wonder. Erosions: Essays of Undoing By Terry Tempest Williams Lesson: Without erosion, we would not be able to see all of the colors in the stone in the desert. Without grief there is no joy, we must seek the balance of the natural world and fight for what little of that balance is left. How We Fight For Our Lives: A Memoir By Saeed Jones  Lesson: There is no formula for great writers. Some are raised in the woods; some found their voice in a high rise; others discover there’s someplace in Texas with a cool Buddhist Mom and many things left unsaid. The Living Mountain by Nan Shepard Lesson: One of the most incredible forms of empathy is to defy the boundary of humanity and find value in rocks, and cliffs, and the way the wind plays through the mountains. To Speak for the Trees: My Lifes Journey from Ancient Celtic Wisdom to a Healing Vision of the Forest by Diana Beresford-Kroeger Lesson: Many cultures around the world are losing their land-based knowledge, yet we are learning that if we take it seriously it is often more scientific, and perhaps even life-changing than we ever thought possible. The Yellow House by Sarah M. Broom Lesson: One small house can become the emblem of a family. Its history often echoes through us, even after a storm washes it away. Spirit Run: A 6,000-Mile Marathon Through North Americas Stolen Land by Noé Álvarez Lesson: Even if we run from Canada to Guatemala, facing mountain lions, bullying, and a long and painful past, wherever we go there we areâ€"and perhaps this is not such a bad thing.

What Is Cost Minimization

Reflection Paper On Psychology And Psychology - 950 Words

Reflection Paper #2 In this second unit of Psychology, it was fascinating to focus in on how we as humans learn behaviors, and what can cause us to each function differently in similar situations. Many scientists from the early 20th century have contributed to what we know today about the brain and how it responds to sensations, perceptions, hearing, and conditioning. Some concepts that were most applicable to my everyday life and that I enjoyed learning about were the sensory systems, associated learning, and what Pavlov did for the field of Psychology. What struck me about the sensory systems was all the different things that went into it. There are so many different moving parts: stimuli, absolute and difference threshold, and transduction. I find this particularly interesting because different people, even though they are experiencing the â€Å"same† situation, have stimuli that respond differently. I have always had a high tolerance for spicy foods, and while some of my f amily members pour gallons upon gallons of milk down their throat, I’m asking for a second serving. This is due to different people having more active tastebuds that are more sensitive to heat than my own, therefore sending more stimuli to the brain. It is also interesting that some people have stronger receptors in the olfactory bulb than others, called â€Å"hyperosmia.† Both of my parents have this, and I know understand why they can not handle hardly any air freshener, perfume, or cologne. Even if we happenShow MoreRelatedReflection Paper On Psychology And Psychology999 Words   |  4 Pagesof consciousness, an internal monologue that contributes to one’s own decision making. The idea was credited to Wilhelm Wundt, and his student Edward B. Titchener. Wilhelm Wundt was a German psychologist and founder of modern psychology who established the first psychology lab. Edward B. Titchener was a student of Wilhelm Wundt, who introduced structuralism and the schoo l of thought. Introspections helped with my decision to go to college through a mental contrast and comparison, and the durationRead MoreReflection Paper On Psychology And Psychology1094 Words   |  5 Pages Taking Introduction to Psychology has given me the opportunity to examine myself. As I learned about concepts in class I found myself asking, â€Å"How does this apply to my life?† Soon, I grew cognizant that the curriculum was not a study in psychological diseases or a discussion of the abstract subconscious. It was exposure to constructs affecting my daily emotions, thoughts, and stresses. The areas of Psychology that push me toward my future goals and explain who I am today are my nurture, growthRead MoreReflection Paper On Psychology And Psychology1135 Words   |  5 Pagesmy final project, I interviewed a professional with PhD in Psychology. However, the person I interviewed did not pursue a psychology job afterwards. Instead, he decided to pursue a job in the IT technologica l field. Throughout the interview, I asked questions about the hardships and dedication towards the Psychology field. Before summarizing the interview, I also decided to ask my Aunt, who graduated with her Bachelor s degree in Psychology in Minnesota State University, Mankato. During the interviewRead MorePsychology Reflection Paper2009 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Throughout my life I have been known to push people away who are not like me and even though I saw myself doing it, I did not try to make a change until taking this course. Psychology has given me a better understanding of different people’s situations and spreading this information can prevent people from ignorantly judging others, something many of us are guilty of. Numerous problems in my life are starting to turn around because my new knowledge has led me to handle them ratherRead MoreReflection Paper On Psychology Of Women1334 Words   |  6 PagesRunning Head: SELF-REFLECTION 1 Self-Reflection: Psychology of Women Critical Thinking Paper 1 Hillary Cohen University of Maryland SELF-REFLECTION 2 My name is Hillary Cohen and I identify as a Jewish straight American woman. I grew up in a Conservative community surrounded by people who were a little more and a little less religious than I was. While growing up, my parents always made sure to let me and my sisters know that we could do anythingRead MoreReflection Paper On Educational Psychology2629 Words   |  11 PagesErna Ananna Professor Gefen CEDF 710, Educational Psychology Date: 17th December, 2014 Fieldwork Reflection I. Introduction: Few weeks ago, I had an opportunity to observe a fifth grade inclusive classroom in P.S. 146, Anna M. Short School which is located in the Upper East Side of Manhattan. They had a total of 32 students where 16 of them are boys and 16 of them are girls. The class has collaborative teaching system. One of the class teachers is specialized on Special Education. They have totalRead MorePsychology Paper and Self Reflection1978 Words   |  8 PagesSelf-Reflection Related to Influential Psychology Theories When psychologists were first acknowledged they began studying behaviors and biological processes. There are numerous recognized psychologists that have contributed to the seven major perspectives of today’s modern psychology. These theories include: Evolutionary theory, sociocultural theory, biopsychological theory, psychoanalytic theory, cognitivism, humanistic theory and behaviorism. The three theories that I would like to describe,Read MoreReflection Paper : Multicultural Counseling And Psychology1256 Words   |  6 PagesOnce I began to read the first few chapters of the book I began to recognize words and details that I have previously been introduced too. Thinking back to when and what classes I have had the same experience, I recall Multicultural Counseling and Psychology. Stepping out my comfort zone is what really came to mind. Growing up in a society that has changed so much over the years you would think that I would be used to it; however, asking to look at y our community with a different set of eyes is uncomfortableRead MoreEthics And Standards For Professional Psychology1264 Words   |  6 PagesReligious Use in a Therapeutic Setting Ophelia Lee Kaplan University Ethics and Standards for Professional Psychology Professor Peter Lenz May 4, 2015 This paper addresses the complexity of spirituality and religion in a therapeutic setting. This paper includes examples and information regarding upholding the Ethics Code while using religion and spiritual reasoning in psychology. It addresses the issues of a multi-faith setting, information and research on omitting religion and spiritualityRead MoreThe Profession Of Counselling Psychology1582 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The profession of counselling psychology has developed hugely during the past decade, this paper aims to provide a concise and general exploration of the nature of counselling psychology, it’s development history, where it stands among other traditional approaches, and how disciplines of psychology is linked with a range of models of psychotherapy. In 1982 counselling psychology started developing as a section within the British Psychological Society, and in 1994 it was then recognized

The Manufacture and Use of Cigarettes Should Be Made Illegal Free Essays

The manufacture and use of cigarettes should be illegal. This is not just a simple statement. It is an undisputable fact. We will write a custom essay sample on The Manufacture and Use of Cigarettes Should Be Made Illegal or any similar topic only for you Order Now Cigarette smoking is a detriment to every society in which it is practiced. Firstly, cigarette smoking impinges one’s health. Cigarette smoke contains over 4000 chemicals, including nicotine, tar and carbon monoxide, which are found in tobacco. The daily intakes of these chemicals have devastating effects on the body. Every puff, every cigarette, every pack consumed destroys the body slowly but surely. Airways, lungs, heart and blood vessels suffer daily from the effects of the intake of numerous damaging substances. The effects of smoking includes an increase in the risk of getting throat cancer, lung cancer, heart diseases, it increases the amount of red blood cells in the body which could lead to a stroke or heart failure. Cigarette smoking also affects the skin and male and female reproductive organs. It can also significantly decrease the smoker’s life span. Besides impinging one’s health, smoking impinges one’s wealth. No tobacco product is taxed more heavily than cigarettes. One might therefore say that the manufacturing of cigarette is beneficial to governments and to the building up of one’s nation. However, when we add up the amount of money one spends on buying cigarettes, the amount of money spent on medical bills, the amount spent for heart transplants, rehabilitation centers and funeral homes, is that really so? Hard earned money is being thrown down the drain all for the sake of cigarettes. Thirdly, cigarette manufacture and smoking has a negative impact on our environment. Deforestation is considered one of the most severe environmental problems worldwide. Modern cigarette manufacturing uses wood to cure the tobacco and to roll and package the cigarettes. A cigarette manufacturing machine uses approximately four miles of paper per hour to roll and package cigarettes. It is estimated that for every three hundred cigarettes produced one tree is consumed. It is believed deforestation is changing the world’s climate and contributing to global warming. Cigarette smoking also produces carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, hereby further contributing to global warming. The large amount of pesticides and fertilizers necessary for the cultivation of tobacco also contributes to the pollution of our waterways and ecological systems. Cigarette butts take approximately twenty-five years to decompose. Through improper disposal they end up in our seas, rivers and lakes. Different animals and fish eat them by mistake and can die since they are unable to digest the filters. Cigarettes are one of the leading causes for fatal household fires, also affecting the environment. Finally, besides affecting one’s health, wealth and environment, cigarette smoking also affects the rights of non-smokers and children. Second hand smoke can also kill and is considered to be worst than first hand smoke. A person who chooses to smoke chooses to die. However, why should he choose whether the people around him should die too? Who gave him the right to decide who lives or dies? Many people, specifically the children of smokers, are exposed to second hand smoke. As a result many people who do not smoke suffer from respiratory problems due to no fault of theirs. Cigarette manufacture and smoking is indeed detrimental to a person’s health, to their financial status and to the environment. It therefore affects society in many ways. In order for a nation to have stronger, healthier persons in their society, use less government funds for health institutions and programs to quit smoking, not infringe on the rights of non-smokers and children, and to have a cleaner environment, the manufacture and smoking of cigarettes should be made illegal. How to cite The Manufacture and Use of Cigarettes Should Be Made Illegal, Papers

Business Strategy Aviation Industry Across World

Question: Describe about the Business Strategy for Aviation Industry Across World. Answer: Introduction The aims and purpose of this particular assignment are to focus on the key objectives of the aviation industry in India. The selected airline company in the assignment is AirAsia, which is one of the low cost airline industries across the world. Its headquarters is situated near Kuala Lumpur, and it is one of the largest aviation organizations when measured regarding flight size and destinations (AirAsia, 2016). The overall Airline Industry across the world is a complex concept, and there are different kinds of competitions, which exists in every corner. The study will focus on five important questions, which will highlight the business operations and competitive analysis of AirAsia. Analysis of the Macro Environment to evaluate the Aviation Industry in India The answer to this particular question will highlight the macro environment analysis of the selected airline company, AirAsia. The application a proper macro environment analysis will emphasize the use of an appropriate and relevant market tool, termed as PEST Analysis. With the utilization of this particular environmental analysis tool, AirAsia will be able to analyze all the major factors, of the external environment (Aras Crowther, 2012). There are four major points, which are analyzed to evaluate all the major factors. Factors Case Evidence Positive (Opportunities) Negative (Threat) Political One of the major economic factors in the all the airline industry is the fluctuations of the oil prices. Recently, the recession hit the aviation business, however with this economy slowing down the majority of the passengers want to enjoy the journey at a lower cost. Analyze the external factors Economical This particular Malaysian-based airline industry has faced certain operational issues while operating its business outside Malaysia mainly when the price of fuel increased. Help in the financial decision making process Social Due to the fact of growing population worldwide, tourists and some educated people are helpful for the expansion of this particular industry. Help to analyze the demographic conditions Technology The final factor is the application of the technology in the aviation sector. The organization follows different crucial element, which will conclude about the progression of the technological advancement. AirAsia provides the combination of air ticketing as well as hotel bookings, car hire, and travel insurance. However, the organization launched one of the major packages, which includes GO Holiday (AirAsia, 2016). Helps in technological advancement Figure 1: PEST Analysis of AirAsia Analysis of the Aviation Industry in India based on Air Asia and its Competitors The answer to this particular question will analyze all the important factors, which will contribute the competitiveness of AirAsia while operating its business in Asia and an attractive industry for AirAsia. Some of the crucial elements in this particular industry include cost factor, government policies, economic challenges and competition in the sector. In order to develop proper competitive business tactics, there are certain essential business tactics, which the organization applies in the overall business, policies. Some of the important features of this particular business organization include the following points. These are the crucial points, which conclude the aviation sector of the India. India is good place for the aviation Industry and has an aim of becoming the third largest aviation sector globally by the year 2020. The business opportunity in the country for AirAsia has a good prospect because of the growing demands. In order to operate in the Indian Aviation Industry the following factors need to analyze in order to develop an effective marketing plan. Development of a single passenger class, providing a minimum set of facilities in the industry, reducing the cost of acquisitions and maintenance process and emphasis on direct sales of tickets and employees working in multiple roles are some of the key factors of competitiveness (Armstrong Kotler, 2013). It is important to conclude about the economic background of India, which is one of the fastest growing economies in the world. The government contributes as one of the vital roles towards supporting and encouraging new industries into the economy. Competition is one of the major parts in every business (Grewal Levy, 2013). However, in order to evaluate a proper solution, AirAsia need to develop an appropriate pricing strategy, as it is one of the major factors, which hampers the purchasing decisions of the customers. VIRO Methods contributes four important factors, which will focus on Value, Rareness, Imitability and Organization. The VIRO Analysis is an analytical technique concludes different kinds of survival dimension for the organization as well as for its competitors. Suppliers Power The power of suppliers is immerse in the aviation industry because there are three inputs that the airline industry need to focus which includes fuel, aircraft and labor. Buyers Power Due to the low carrier cost the buyers power is becoming very high as there are different kinds of close alternative options are available. Entry and Exit Barriers In this particular industry the mode of entry and the mode of exit is not restricted, as nay firms can start their business at anytime and left the market at anytime. Threat of Substitutes The options of the passengers is much diversified, if any particular group of customers is not satisfied it they will automatically shift to the next alternative option. Competitive Rivalry This particular industry is very much competitive, as there are many companies operating its business in the same sector. Table 2: Porters five forces Strategic resources and competencies of Air Asia There are certain organizational aims and objectives, which majorities of the business firms tries to accomplish in the business operations. Strategies are developed by different organizations, which will allow the activities of the business to run in a smoother manner. However, resources of the organizations are limited (Hitt, Black, Porter, 2012). The answer will evaluate the overall strategic capabilities by matching the requirements of the company. Majorities of the firms try to ensure in the optimum utilizations of resources. There are certain classifications of resources, which include financial resources, organizational designs, and corporate resources, and technological resources are some of the key resources, which the organization focuses on. Competitive Analysis of Air Asia through strategic capabilities Companies belonging to any industries have direct as well as indirect competitors. AirAsia is one of the major aviation companies, which operates its business across the major cities of the globes. Some of the core competitors of AirAsia reflected in the following part of the study. Malaysian Airlines, Singapore Airlines, Thai Air and Air Sri Lanka are some of the most significant competitors of AirAsia. However, on other airlines, AirAsia provides better value for money through strategic capabilities (Hasan, 2012). Nevertheless, towards evaluating all the crucial factors, the application of the SWOT Analysis will conclude what are the different kinds of factors, which affects both the external environment as well as the internal environment. Some of the important factors, which this particular airline industry develops in order to conclude its strategic choices, are as follows. Development of a proper market penetration process, which includes retaliation from the competition, enhan cing the service, which includes mass customization by combining the strategic capabilities are the two important factors. The final factor is the process of market development, which concludes the competitive advantages. Drawbacks and loopholes of Air Asia There are particular challenges as well as the weakness of the AirAsia in the overall business operations. Massive investment is required for the organization to purchase airplanes and implement the latest technology, which includes a high amount of operational cost (AirAsia, 2016). It is one of the low cost airline services across the world, which provides all the customers to get tickets at affordable prices. On the other hand, due to this particular reason, there are some significant drawbacks in the operational management of the organization. As compared with other premium airline services, the company in some respect lacks in different kinds technological advancement SWOT Analysis of Air Asia The application of SWOT Analysis is one of the most valuable marketing tools, which majorities of the organization irrespective of the nature of the business follows in the process of developing a proper business plan. With the application of this particular tool, AirAsia will be able to develop a good situation analysis process, which will scan both the internal environment as well as the external environment (Hood, 2013). Strength and Weakness are the two factors, which will conclude the factors that will examine the internal environment on the other hand; the reaming two factors will scan the external environment, which includes opportunities and weakness. FACTORS ANALYSIS Strength The company maintains a strong brand name in the aviation industry. The airline industry is one of the low cost airline organizations all over Asia. AirAsia maintains a strong management team, which coordinates with governments and other airline industries. Based on different reports the aviation company has performed a remarkable job towards the utilization process of IT. Weakness One of the major weakness of AirAsia is the organization do not have its own repairs and maintenance services. There are some complements made by the passengers about the services There are certain challenges faced by the companies towards investing for new airplanes. Opportunity The organization has developed a proper target market, keeping in mind the requirements of the middle class people. ASEAN open Skies has been reached. Low cost services. Treats Increase in competitions. Based on certain statistical reports the overall profit margin of AirAsia is around 30%, which attracted many competitors. Customers worry about safety. Table 3: SWOT Analysis of AirAsia Application of SWOT Analysis and identification of the key issues in Indian Industry The aviation sector of India witnessed high growth in all the major aspects of the business. The answer to this particular question will address all the issues, which AirAsia need to analyze before entering into new markets. However, there are some important points, which need to investigate by the organization before going into the Indian market. Some of the key issues which this particular aviation sector faced based on the SWOT Analysis are highlighted in the following part of the study (Wong Brooks, 2015). High operational cost, Cost of fuel is very much high, shortage of maintaining facilities, congestion at airports and much more are some of the important factors, which contributes as some of the vital issues in the overall aviation industry in India (Kotler, 2012). However, AirAsia operates its business operations in the major cities of the globe. India is one of the developing nations. Some of the key attributes of a developing country are fewer household incomes, weak economic growths, and entry of low cost carriers, less sustain business growths, and less supporting government policies are some of the key factors, which affects the overall India aviation industry (Kotler Armstrong, 2012). In order to develop a proper market plan for market penetrations based on the findings of the SWOT Analysis, AirAsia needs to analyze all these vital factors for the development of a proper marketing plan. Development of business level Strategies of Air Asia Strategies are developed by the organization by keeping in mind the common goals and objectives of the organization. The target market, which is adopted by AirAsia, comprises mainly of middle-class passengers. The overall objective of AirAsia is to provide an affordable service to its customers. Nevertheless, some of the key strategic actions, which are adopted by AirAsia, are reflected in the following part of the assignment. Single Class Service It is one of the low cost airline services, which offers a single class service without other options at sustainable low prices. As compared with the other aviation industry, the company only believes towards providing service only in aviation (Kotler Keller, 2012). There is a lack of entertainment facilities offered by the organization, which do not include meals, entertainment amenities, loyalty programs points and access to airport lounges. These business strategies help the organization to reduce the clearing and maintenance cost, loading and uploading time and cost improving process efficiencies by maintaining lower cost and much more (Robinson, 2012). Low Fixed Costs This particular organization has done a remarkable job while retaining a proper low cost throughout its operational activities. The organization strongly believes towards developing a proper as well as a proper pricing strategy, as it is one of the crucial factors, which affects the purchasing decisions of the buyers (Kurtz Boone, 2012). AirAsia successfully maintained an low overall cost of different activities, which includes low rates for its long-term maintenance, and low airport fees. Developing these overall strategies has reflected towards developing a low price in the tickets. Analysis of the primary drivers of Air Asia in Indian Aviation Industry The answer to this particular question will evaluate the possessed geographic sources of advantages. Researchers have not developed a single coherent of the drivers of success towards entering in a new market. Growth is one of the major concerns in this particular industry. Some of the key primary drivers include growth in national income, growth in the middle class income, investments in airports and related infrastructure and many more are some of the key drivers in this particular industry (Peoples, 2012). The mode of entry is one of the crucial factors, which different organizations including AirAsia need to evaluate in the overall business plan. The analysis of the overall key driver includes the company does not have to commit resources for setting up business facilities (Glassman et al., 2015). On the other hand, in many cases the cost of production obtained by contract, the cost of providing services becomes lower in the overall business activities. Recommendation for Air Asia to address the key issues Developing a proper business plan which will match the demographic conditions The primary part in any business operations is to analyze the demographic conditions of the selected country. In a developing country such as India, the notion of the demographic conditions contributes as one of the most significant aspect (Pride, 2012). However, AirAsia has done an excellent job towards the process of developing a proper financial plan towards the process of evaluating a proper pricing strategy (Timmis, 2015). In India, the majority of the people are from middle background. The overall pricing decisions reflect the buying decisions of the customers. However, AirAsia is one of the organizations, which provides low cost carrier services across the globe. Develop a proper Situation Analysis procedure in order to specify the key issues In order to address the key issues the organization need to analyze all the key factors in both the internal environment as well as in the external environment. With the application of a proper situation analysis procedure by using different kinds of marketing tools, AirAsia will be able to address the key issues in the overall business proceedings (Robbins Coulter, 2012). The two important marketing tools include the application of SWOT Analysis and the application of PESTEL Analysis, which will evaluate all the barriers, and challenges of the aviation sector for AirAsia in both the environments. Application of SAFe criteria for recommendations Planning is one of the crucial parts and on the other hand, implementation of planning is equally important. There are three important factors, which will conclude the SAFe criteria for the implementation of the recommendations includes suitability, acceptability and feasibility. The overall objective towards developing a proper business plan is to gather a proper sustainability in the business proceedings and operations (Eriksson Steenhuis, 2015). Some of the key examples which the organization need to focus on towards the use apply a proper SAFe criteria for recommendations includes market penetration, market development and service development in order to meet the requirements of the customers (McManners, 2016). Conclusion The selected organization in the study is AirAsia and the assignment will focus on towards the evolution process of a proper Business Strategy. The overall assignment contains five crucial parts, which describes about the key strategies of AirAsia in the business plan. The application of macro environmental analysis, competitors analysis and situation analysis are some of the key objectives, which focus on the process of concluding and summering a proper business plan. The recommendation part is the most crucial part, which will analyze all the key attributes towards address the key issues in the aviation industry of India. Reference List AirAsia,. (2016).AirAsia Malaysia | Book cheap flights online to over 100 destinations!.Airasia.com. Retrieved 6 September 2016, from https://www.airasia.com/my/en/home.page Aras, G. Crowther, D. (2012).Business strategy and sustainability. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. Armstrong, G. Kotler, P. (2013).Marketing. Boston: Prentice Hall. Eriksson, S., Steenhuis, H. J. (Eds.). (2015).The Global Commercial Aviation Industry. Routledge. Glassman, A. M., Newcomer, J. M., Earnhardt, M. P., Opengart, R. A., Watkins, D. V., Marion, J. W. (2015). Validating the knowledge, skills, and abilities composite measure: An aviation industry pilot study. Grewal, D. Levy, M. (2013).Marketing. New York: McGraw Hill/Irwin. Hasan, M. (2012).Politics of global civil aviation industry. SaarbruÃÅ'ˆcken: LAP Lambert academic publishing. Hitt, M., Black, S., Porter, L. (2012).Management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Hood, D. (2013).The marketing manifesto. London: Kogan Page. Kotler, P. (2012).Principles of marketing. Singapore: Pearson/Prentice-Hall. Kotler, P. Armstrong, G. (2012).Principles of marketing. Boston: Pearson Prentice Hall. Kotler, P. Keller, K. (2012).Marketing management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Kurtz, D. Boone, L. (2012).Principles of contemporary marketing. Australia: Southwestern Cengage Learning. McManners, P. J. (2016). Developing policy integrating sustainability: A case study into aviation.Environmental Science Policy,57, 86-92. Peoples, J. (2012).Pricing behavior and non-price characteristics in the airline industry. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. Pride, W. (2012).Marketing principles. South Melbourne, Vic.: Cengage Learning. Robbins, S. Coulter, M. (2012).Management. Boston: Prentice Hall. Robinson, Z. (2012).Sustainability. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Editions. Timmis, A. J., Hodzic, A., Koh, L., Bonner, M., Soutis, C., Schfer, A. W., Dray, L. (2015). Environmental impact assessment of aviation emission reduction through the implementation of composite materials.The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment,20(2), 233-243. Wong, S., Brooks, N. (2015). Evolving risk-based security: A review of current issues and emerging trends impacting security screening in the aviation industry.Journal of Air Transport Management,48, 60-64.

Stranger with a Camera Essay Example For Students

Stranger with a Camera Essay To the audience watching the film â€Å" Stranger With a Camera,† many wonder to what extent does the filmmaker, Elizabeth Barret’s personal connection to the town lead to a bias in the film? Filmmakers and paparazzi have a large amount of power because of their ability to simply alter the stories they publish. Did Barret alter the truth of what happened between Hugh O’Connor and Hobart Ison? This fact plays a key role in Elizabeth Barrets film Stranger with a Camera and allows the question to arise. Since most people take in the media with a grain of salt because the media never provides the full truth, then to what extent would the filmmakers in â€Å"Stranger with a Camera† have been able to document the stories of Hobart Ison and Hugh O’Conner and also the poverty in Appalachia without portraying a Bias? Although it may be easy to assume a bias knowing Elizabeth Barret’s personal connection to the town, in Stranger with a Camera, Barret did an excellent job at exploring the multiple perspectives of the situation in the film while keeping her views open-ended. We will write a custom essay on Stranger with a Camera specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Barret decided to include herself in the film because she was able to personally understand what was going on in the town as well as relate to the filmmaker’s dilemmas. â€Å"Stranger with a Camera† portrays a poor community in the coal-mining heart of Appalachia that attracted mass media attention that turned Appalachia into an icon in the nation’s War on Poverty. The area was analyzed thru the different cultures and how each culture collided with another. But how the town and cultures were being depicted angered many locals. There was a situation where a picture of a child was published and it gave the impression he was consuming dirt because he wasn’t fed properly. This angered the locals because everyone knew the child was actually fed properly and the media was portraying lies about the town. The town’s people were furiously angered because they knew that the stories they saw published about their community were not being portrayed truthfully and certain characteristics were being left out. When creating the film, Elizabeth Barret explored questions such as; what is the difference between how people see their home and how others represent it? As a storyteller, what are your responsibilities? Is it the filmmaker’s job to just tell what they see or give an analytical perspective? In Clifford Geertz excerpt â€Å"The Impact of the Concept of Culture on the Concept of Man† Geertz gives an effort to make the point that the concept of culture is the definition of man. In the essay, Geertz criticizes the popular analogy of a man and his culture as a form of an onion. Geertz gives several problems with this analogy, the most important the lack of true human and second that such universals cannot be attached to biological, psychological, or social organizations (Geertz, 38). So how does Geertz arguments relate to Elizabeth Barret’s approach in â€Å"Stranger With a Camera? † Elizabeth Barret displays how the media only cover events they want the public to see. If the eyes behind the camera feel the need to exaggerate or alter what they see through the lens, then they have the frightening capability of doing so. Barret’s approach answers the previous questioned on how things are being depicted are viewed by different audiences and Geertz arguments supports the social consequences of the two cultures collided because Geertz argues that such universals cannot be attached to social organizations, which we see from the two different cultures in the town. When it comes to the media, the consumer is typically told a stretched out and twisted version of the truth. Audiences must learn to question to what extent the material we view is believable and become comfortable with the ambivalence that comes with the media’s stories. .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40 , .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40 .postImageUrl , .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40 , .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40:hover , .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40:visited , .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40:active { border:0!important; } .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40:active , .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40 .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud30a59649a2ce75f12e6682aa62bcf40:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Sex and the City: Feminist Fake? EssayAlong with almost everyone else, most people can personally relate to this as viewers. Growing up in a world that consists and communicates mainly through the media, one must grow up to understand that the pictures and the articles we read, are most likely not telling us the full truth. People must develop a sense of ambivalence towards the material we see in the media. The media challenges viewers to decide if what they are viewing is true of false. In Greetz excerpt, he states that culture is the central ingredient in what makes us human rather than a later added addition (Geertz, 47). We can use this claim by Geertz to analyze Elizabeth Barret’s connection to the town and its culture and how she used to portray the film. Barret lived closely to where the filmmakers were working so she was able to relate to how the local’s felt when they saw their community being dishonestly reflected in the media. Some locals were optimistic at first that the media attention would bring change or help to their town. While most others were enraged by the attention they were receiving and how their community was falsely being portrayed to the rest of the world. Barret found that the films being made of the people in Appalachia were insulting because they strictly focused on making the poor people look poorer as opposed to emphasizing the wealth of who these people were. Because of this she was able to understand where Hobert Ison’s indignation came from. Barret’s film is all about the media manipulating what they photograph therefore it makes sense in Barret’s her choice to include her own filmmaking perspectives because it gave the film a more believable aspect. Barret analyzes the conflicting perspectives from the filmmakers and the locals. Specifically, Barret displays Hugh O’Conner, the filmmaker’s intentions verses Hobert Ison, the landowner’s rage. O’Conner was very much a people person who traveled frequently. Hobert was a hunter and a good carpenter who was well respected in his town. However he was very proud of his land and did not appreciate anyone messing with it, which was exactly what O’Conner and the filmmakers did. After there had already been quite some attention brought to the town, most of the residents there were irate. Anyone who saw their home or community in the media shone in a light that they knew to be fallacious would be as well. Eventually this led to Hobert shooting and killing O’Conner with his gun because O’Conner was shooting Hobert with his camera. A quote from the film that was said by Colin Low who is part of the National Film Board of Canada said, â€Å"A camera is like a gun, it’s threatening†. The filmmakers were using their â€Å"guns† on Hobert’s land and in response he fired his gun back at them. The camera is an invasive and exploitive device. Hobert had felt invaded and threatened by the multiple cameras in his town while the filmmakers where merely doing their job to cover a story. Barret conducted multiple interviews analyzing the perspectives from O’Conner’s daughter and other filmmakers, along with the locals from the town who knew Hobert. She displayed that as the filmmakers may have been intrusive, their only task that they were attempting to accomplish was to cover a story. Hubert was undoubtedly wrong to take O’Conner’s life but pertaining to the situation however, his actions were considered understandable. Barret was successfully able to display the multiple perspectives from the story while keeping the overall perspective of the film open-ended. Barret did not forcibly set out to show the viewer why her opinionated views were right. Her main goal was simply to cover and analyze the entirety of each perspective of the situation through her film. She successfully accomplished this goal because she was able to keep the opinions open-ended and develop multiple questions for the viewer. â€Å"Stranger with a Camera† tells a story about a fatal shooting and viewers analyze what led Hobart Ison to shoot Hugh O’Connor? .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b , .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b .postImageUrl , .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b , .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b:hover , .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b:visited , .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b:active { border:0!important; } .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b:active , .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf6da32eab98cab97f62d3b543fbb340b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Movie Summary - Rachel Getting Married EssayA quote from Cifford Geertz’s excerpt says, culture provides the link between what men are intrinsically capable of becoming and what they actually, one by one, in fact become (Geertz, 52). We can use this quote to analyze why Hobart Ison decided to shoot Hugh O’Connor and the aftermath of the shooting. After Hobert had fired his gun he came to be considered a hero in that small town. Hobert was only sentenced to ten years in prison but was paroled after only one. This is strange because criminals typically serve a much more severe punishment after taking another’s life. The film stated how it was almost impossible to find a suitable jury because Hobert’s whole community rallied behind him even though he had shot someone. If someone’s life is taken out of an enraged act that draws attention to an obvious issue, then should his or her punishment be any less? Barret portrays how both sides, the filmmakers and Hobert, were pushing their limits. Barret vividly demonstrated what happens when those generic borders are pushed. The filmmakers were pushing the Hobert’s property line along with the integrity of the town. In return, Hobert definitely was pushing the boundaries of the law when he pulled that trigger. What Hobert did was wrong but in the context he got off with a rather fair punishment. Hobert knew that what the filmmakers were doing was wrong and although he had an aggressive way of dealing with it, brought attention the how bad the occurring issue was. While some may still believe Barret’s connection to the town led to a bias portrayal, Barret gives multiple angles to every story and did a respectable job at explaining the many varying sides of this one. Barret was able to capture this aspect in her film because she leaves us to question what the responsibilities of anyone who takes images of others and puts them to their own uses are.

The eNotes Blog 8 Required High School Books Youll End UpLoving

8 Required High School Books Youll End UpLoving You may or may not have been eager to read Shakespeare as a teenager, but it’s likely that the classics you encountered in high school left a lasting mark on you. The books we read in our formative years stay with us long after, often becoming lifetime favorites. The universality of our favorite required reading books is one of their best traits, and this is furthered by the fact that most of us encountered them during our teenage years. They’re required for a reason! 1. Hamlet by William Shakespeare It’s hard to get out of high school without reading any Shakespeare, and his works show us a lot about literary history. Hamlet’s characteristically indecisive nature is at once infuriating and relatable to most high school students, but we love it beyond the curriculum for its complex take on revenge and tragedy. Page count: 416 Publish date: 1603 2. Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison†¨ Ellison’s masterful novel creates an intricate web of metaphors that examine the invisibility of the black body in the US- a topic as heartbreakingly relevant today as it was during the novels publication in 1952. While many students may wrestle with the complex life of the unnamed narrator, the themes of identity and power are bound to leave a lasting effect on readers. Page count: 192 Publish date: April 14, 1952 3. Lord of the Flies by William Golding†¨ This novella examines the notion of civilization and its potential to degrade in many situations. The more dramatic points, such as Simons and Piggy’s deaths, are intensely memorable. We love this novella for its ability to remind us that civilization is not inherent, which is a revolutionary and rebellious, but crucial, notion. Page count: 182 Publish date: 1954 4. The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger†¨ One of the most divisive books of the required reading genre, Salinger’s solitary novel remains a favorite to many people after high school graduation. The story follows distraught-and-disillusioned-teen Holden Caulfield as he works through ideas of identity and loss while making a solo journey through New York City. Holdens journey takes on different meanings to different generations, and the gravity of his coming-of-age experience resonates especially well with teenagers. Page count: 277 Publish date: July 16, 1951 5. The Crucible by Arthur Miller†¨ Arthur Miller’s play examines the rise of McCarthyism through an allegorical lens: the Salem witch trials. This work is particularly valuable in the classroom, because it teaches about two significant points in American history at once. The play also serves as a cautionary tale in many ways, warning against the pull of group hysteria and advocating for the value of truth. Page count: 143 Publish date: January 22, 1953 6. The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald In what many consider to be the classic American novel, Fitzgerald unpacks the idea of the American dream. You may have been excited to read this book given the glitz and glamour that the 1920s setting implies. Hopefully, even after the sparkle wears off as you get further into Gatsby’s life, the depth of the book still held you. The Great Gatsby remains well-loved, even outside of the classroom, as its brutally honest debunking of the American dream rings true across generations. Page count: 182 Publish date: April 10, 1925 7. The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka Gregor Samsa’s transformation into a ungeziefer (a German word which roughly translates to â€Å"vermin† or â€Å"insect†- an incredibly insulting term) tells a larger story about class relations. This novella hooks younger readers in with its dark yet whimsical plot as well as one of the most well-known opening lines in fiction: â€Å"As Gregor Samsa awoke one morning from uneasy dreams he found himself transformed in his bed into a monstrous vermin.†   You may have been surprised or even confused when Gregor’s sweet sister turns on her transformed brother, making the story’s ultimate message about work and societal value that much more potent. Page count: 201 Publish date: 1915 8. To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee†¨ Voted as America’s favorite book, Lee’s debut masterpiece sells millions of copies each year to this day. We love To Kill a Mockingbird now just as much as we did in high school for its power to affect the reader with a deep sense of empathy and compassion. This book remains talked about and studied for a multitude of reasons, even in recent times- a testament to the nuance of one of the most-readable required books. Page count: 324 Publish date: July 11, 1960

Zeus Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Zeus - Research Paper Example His ways are inscrutable and his mind too is opaque, but given that the literature says that all things happen only because Zeus allow them to happen. Conversely that nothing comes to pass without him. This is true for instance as a view of Zeus as reflected in Aeschylus plays, in particular in the ‘Agamemnon’. He is all seeing, and he is the one who is at the back of everything that transpires not only among men but among gods too. He is the supreme ruler in Greek mythology (Dowden 3). The inscrutable aspect of Zeus is affirmed in the literature, from Homer to Aeschylus to the various philosophers who tried to decipher his nature and failed Instead he is portrayed as having very human qualities and traits, including those traits that are in the realm of the baser aspects of human nature, such as lust, and the propensity for rage, and for revenge for different kinds of slights. On the other hand, his power is supreme over all things on heaven and on earth, and the ways of the universe themselves are a testament to his brand of justice and the immensity of his power. On the other hand, that power is seen as being wielded by a god who is at times filled with whimsy, or so as it is interpreted by human beings (Dowden 4). The mythological stories from ancient Greece tell us that Zeus was born in Crete, to Rhea and to Kronos,who tried to swallow him whole, but who was prevented from doing so by his own wife. This Rhea did by swapping the young Zeus with a stone. The Curetes, dancing wildly to mask the cries of the young Zeus, prevent the father from hearing the baby Zeus. They become Zeus’ guardians, together with Amaltheia, a goat, Kronos is bound, but the Titans try to launch a counter-revolt known as the Titanomachy, to shore up Kronos’ hold on power, and the Titans were essentially held and confined to Tartarus. Other revolts were likewise quelled, including those by the giants, and those like Typhon the

Criminology 1 question dark figure of crime Essay

Criminology 1 question dark figure of crime - Essay Example Many of undisclosed as well as unreported crime to the authority lead to unresolved issues within a society hence portraying unreliability both in the governance as well as to a given society. The United States of America uses two major crime data collection in their statistics. These methods include the national Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) and the uniform crime reports. The FBI crime department in United States of America majorly uses the Uniform Crime Reports system of data collection of crime. The FBI to detect crimes on murder, rape cases, robbery, burglary, aggravated assault, as well as theft of vehicles uses this system of data collection. However, UCR data collection system has been re defined by FBI agency in United States of America. Meanwhile National Incident-Based Reporting system crime information system is another system that is used by FBI, having been revised from UCR as from 1980s.It majorly works based on justice systems characteristics, public attitudes on crime, persons arrested, known offenses, judicial defendant processes as well as supervision correction (Russell & Milovanovic, 2001). The ability of UCR system is that it only allows eight tracks of crimes to be detected while NIBRS tracks 46 crimes simultaneously. However, the arrests within UCR system have specific report on the incident that has happened while the counterpart contains more information arrests on each of the incident done per timeline. Meanwhile, UCR system of crime data collection mostly reports domestic violence giving less concern on simple assault unlike in the NIBRS system of crime data collection. The worse of all in the UCR system is that if a matter is about murder, the system only reports a single incident while the other system reports multiple offenses in relation to the victims and offenders. NIBRS system of crime data collection in regards to dark figure of crime is a new methodology of uniform crime report

Impact of Alcohol Misuse on Parenting Capacity

Impact of Alcohol Misuse on Parenting Capacity Introduction: Alcohol and substance abuse has been found to adversely affect the ability of parents to attend to the emotional, developmental and physical necessities of children. Several governmental and health policies have provisions of services to support parents who engage in substance misuse or neglect children (NHS, 2005). Most research focus on the implications of mothers using drugs and the usual treatment method is counselling or residential programmes. Very few research studies have evaluated the impact of substance misuse on parenting capacity along with other disadvantageous conditions such as poverty and unemployment. For parental support services confidentiality is maintained about the parental condition although children often get to know of their parents’ misuse and may feel a sense of shame at their parents condition and at the same time have a fear of being separated from their parents (Barnard, 1999). A recent government framework document has defined parenting capacity as ‘the ability of parents or caregivers to ensure that the child’s developmental needs are being appropriately and adequately responded to, to be able to adapt to the child’s changing needs over time.’ The child’s needs include providing the basic physical needs as well as ‘ensuring the child’s emotional needs are met and giving the child a sense of being specially valued’. According to the Department of Health, ‘Securing the wellbeing of children by protecting them from all forms of harm and ensuring their developmental needs are responded to appropriately are primary aims of Government policy. Local authority social services departments working with other local authority departments and health authorities have a duty to safeguard and promote the welfare of children in their area who are in need and to promote the upbringing of such children, wherever po ssible by their families, through providing an appropriate range of services’(Department of Health, 2000). Promoting the child’s intellectual development is also an important aspect of parenting as the child can develop only through encouragement and stimulation and through demonstrating and modelling control of inappropriate emotions and showing acceptable social behaviour providing a stable family environment. Thus adequate parenting capacity involves attending to the emotional, intellectual and physical needs of a child and promoting a healthy and supportive family environment (Children Act, 1989) Substance misuse, as identified by governmental health department covers both drug and alcohol misuse which is considered to have an adverse impact on the health and behaviour of parents and also on the lives and emotions of the children (Sher 1991). Excessive alcohol consumption severely affects the behaviour of the person who engages in drinking although there are differences in social perception of drug and alcohol use. Drug abuse carries with it more social stigma than alcohol misuse and may be consequently concealed from the family. In this essay we would give a statistical report on the nature and extent of substance misuse especially in Scotland and provide Scottish executive guidelines for child care in cases of parental substance misuse. The impact of parental alcohol misuse has been discussed in detail along with protective measures and social care policies that can provide adequate care to the vulnerable children. The Problem of Alcohol Misuse Alcohol misuse however causes substantial deaths, injuries and health problems and rates of drinking are high in the UK, within Wales and Scotland as well (NHS, 2005). In 1996, an estimated 27% male and 14% females drank beyond limits. 6% of men and 2% of women drink at levels which are considered dangerous. The age at which young people begin drinking is also decreasing rapidly (Department of Health, 2000). Alcohol consumption is the major factor in causing injuries and has been associated with most accidents and drowning deaths. Alcohol also causes significant health problems associated with hypertension, haemorrhages, stroke, cardiovascular disease, liver cirrhosis, alcohol dependence as well as social and behavioural problems. Is has been reported that in Accidents and Emergency departments, 80% of people admitted have alcohol related problems (NHS, 2005). Educational messages, informational campaigns and personal behavioural-change interventions are important in raising awarenes s on the potential dangers of alcohol and the importance of maintaining safe limits in alcohol consumption. Minimal or brief interventions are given at a primary care level and trained nurses provide care and support which are sometimes quite effective in reducing drinking. Family social learning and family social processes are an important influence on adolescent alcohol misuse and more research may be necessary to understand the effectiveness of including family members in group alcohol prevention programmes and the role of parenting skills in prevention of alcohol misuse (Kroll, 2004). The workplace can be another influential factor in reducing or increasing alcohol consumption. Interventions for behavioural modification have to be related to workplace alcohol consumption policy. The UK home office suggests that Rights and responsibilities in relation to alcohol are important in a Government’s approach to alcohol. Although most people drink responsibly but there is general agreement that the scale of disorder fuelled by alcohol is also quite high. According to the Home Office, in 2002/03, 1.2million violent crimes were alcohol related and 44% of all violent crime was fuelled by alcohol. 35% of all attendances at hospital accident and emergency departments are related to alcohol as are 70% of those which occur between midnight and 5 am (Home Office report, 2005). One in five violent incidents due to over-consumption of alcohol takes place around pubs or clubs. All this involves a high cost with crime and disorder resulting in losses of up to  £7.3 billion in a year. According to the NHS – Alcohol Misuse, Chief Nursing Officer Bulletin, 2005. According to Scottish executive 2001, there may be certain differences between alcohol misuse, alcohol problems and alcoholism. The term ‘alcohol misuse’ might refer to a less serious or frequent problem than alcoholism as it may not refer to any addiction but on having alcohol for the sake of it. Alcohol misuse has been largely associated with over-consumption or binge drinking which may be different from habitual consumption. Social or medical services related to alcohol consumption are perceived as curative rather than preventative and people generally seek help after becoming dependent on alcohol and not prior to this. Alcohol problems are associated with daily life problems that begin to take over a person’s life and begin to affect personal behaviour. Alcohol dependency is sometimes seen as an alcohol problem although alcohol problem is more defined not by the amount of alcohol being consumed but by the impact it has on the lives of people around a person wh o engages in such habits. However alcohol physical and emotional dependency is related to alcoholism rather than alcohol misuse or alcohol problems and alcoholics are usually the ones who tend to hide their problems and their dependency which is usually marked by physical helplessness. Extreme misuse of alcohol is again seen as alcoholism although some service providers use the term ‘alcoholic’ with some discretion as some patients may be less comfortable with the term which may even be harmful and detrimental to treatment. Statistics on Alcohol Misuse – The following interesting statistics have been provided by Scottish Executive Publications on Alcohol Misuse: Source: Scottish Executive Publications – Statistics on Alcohol Misuse. Table 1 Casualties which involved motor vehicle drivers or riders with illegal alcohol levels by severity of accident, Scotland *above current drink-drive limit of 80mg alcohol per 100ml of blood [Road Accidents Scotland 2000 SE 2001] The severity of the problem of alcohol consumption could be seen from the report presented which indicates that alcohol related deaths, violence, mental illness, emergency admissions and road accidents have all gone up in the last few years with the UK alcohol consumption also showing a steep rise in the late 90s and early 2000. These problems are especially reflected in parental alcohol consumption cases which have severe adverse impacts on children. Promoting Child Welfare – The Perspective from Scottish Executive The Scottish Executive documents provide the following vision for the welfare of Scottish children: ‘A Scotland in which every child matters, where every child, regardless of his or her family background, has the best possible start in life’. Two important documents have been released for these purposes. ‘For Scotland’s Children’, which was published in 2001, gave advice on how better to integrate children’s services and the ‘Report of the Child Protection Audit and Review 2002’, aimed to improve services for children who experience abuse or neglect at home or elsewhere. The Child Protection Review (2002) states: â€Å"The problems of neglect and problem drug or alcohol use are often related, particularly where household finances are spent on drink or drugs, or the behaviour of the parents or their associates impact on the child’s welfare. Some problems are intergenerational, particularly neglect. We have concerns about the future well being of a large number of children who are now being born into drug misusing families, and ensuring their better protection must be a priority.† Child Protection Committees, Drug/Alcohol Action Teams, and agencies involved in preparing Children’s Service Plans should ensure that all agencies agree on how they will work together to protect children, support families and provide appropriate services (Daniel, 2004). Tackling all kinds of substance misuse is a high priority for the people of Scotland and the Scottish Executive and all methods need to be developed according to Scottish National strategies. One such strategy is Tackling Drugs in Scotland: Action in Partnership and the Plan for Action on Alcohol Problems. Scottish Executive Committee recognises that although not every family with substance misuse experience difficulties, parental substance misuse can have significant and damaging consequences for children at home. The Committee proposes that such children are entitled to help, support and protection even within their own families although sometimes help from agencies are necessary for their safety and security. Parents are also required to support their children and help children to overcome their problems by promoting children’s full potential. The national drugs strategy calls for agencies to assess the needs of children who are neglected by parents on drug misuse and help provide services to these children for their safety and welfare. The Scottish executive has provided guidance to all Drug Action Teams and Child Protection Committees and encouraged these organisations to have local policies on support to help children of drug misusing parents. Within the specified Alcohol Plan for action, children of problem drinkers are also identified as a group with specific needs. Drug and Alcohol Action Teams look at the needs of children whose parents misuse alcohol. The main tenets of the Scottish Executive are given as follows: 1. Children’s welfare is the most important consideration; 2. It is everyone’s responsibility to ensure that children are protected from harm; 3. We should help children early and not wait for crises – or tragedies – to occur; and 4. We must work together, in planning and delivering services, in assessment and care planning with families, and in multi-disciplinary training. According to the Scottish executive, as there is currently, no national database of problem alcohol users in Scotland, data on alcohol use come from a number of sources: †¢ in 2000, 26% of all women and 44% of all men drank more than twice the daily benchmark on their heaviest drinking day †¢ the proportion of women aged 16-64 drinking more than the weekly recommended limits increased from 13% to 15% from 1995 to 1998 †¢ young people, aged 16-24, in Scotland are drinking more; average weekly consumption in young people aged 16-24 has risen from 1995-1998 for both sexes †¢ men living in the most deprived areas of Scotland are seven times more likely to die an alcohol-related death than those in the least deprived areas †¢ 72% of victims of violent crime reported that their assailant was under the influence of alcohol Recent estimates has also suggested that 40,000-60,000 children in Scotland are affected by their parents’ drug use and 80,000-100,000 are affected by parental alcohol misuse. The following examples give data from two urban areas – Glasgow and Dundee – I A local study of children’s cases, in which Glasgow City Council had sought Child Protection Orders between 1998 and 1999, found that of 111 Orders made on children in 62 families, 44 (40%) cited drug-related risk. 47 of the children were named on the local child protection register, 27 because of concerns about neglect and 16 for physical injury (Quinlan, 2000 cited in Scottish Executive 2002). Source: Scottish Executive II- In Dundee the proportion of children subject to child protection case conferences whose parents were recorded as having problems with alcohol and/or drug misuse, rose from 37% in 1998/1999 to 70% in 2000. Of the 30 children on the child protection register in October 2000, 53% had parents with problems associated with drug and/or alcohol misuse. Source: Scottish Executive The Impact of Parent’s Substance Misuse on Children According to Mountenay (1998) parental substance misuse is neither a necessary nor a sufficient cause of problems in children. However, alcohol and substance misuse greatly increases the risks of family problems and substance misuse in parents can become a focal issue of life and social behaviour of children at home. Mountenay (1998) has further claimed that long term drug or alcohol misuse in parents lead to deteriorating mental health and permanent mental problems for children. Alcohol dependence causes severe problems in households and the fact that drug use is illegal can cause similar problems among children who perceive the problems of their parents with considerable shame and disgust. The problem of children is however mainly ill-researched and less known and they are seen as hidden tragedies or unseen casualties (Wilson, 1982) Due to parental substance misuse, children may be at high risks of maltreatment, emotional and physical neglect, family conflict and inappropriate parental behaviour (Barlow, 1996). Children may be exposed to or get associated with drug or alcohol related crimes and as a consequence they are more likely to show behavioural problems and experience social stigma and isolation and may also themselves become substance mis-users as adults. Since parents on drugs and alcohol spend a lot of time on buying, assessing or obtaining these substances, their emotional or social relationships with their children are hampered as they do not have much time or availability for their children. This problem is especially acute in single parent household and in economically deprived areas, especially when there is no support from relatives or family members. Households in which drug or alcohol abuse is common is characterised by violence, criminal activity and poor or unstable environments. Drug or alcohol dependent parents ultimately make poor relationships and have strained and conflictual relationships with their children. Parents may fail to keep up or perform their parental duties and provide ineffective supervision, inconsistent care or overly punitive or strict discipline which may strain their relations with the children. There may be deficiencies in parenting skills of parents which may in turn have been imbibed from the parents of the drug users who served as poor role models. Barlow (1996) claimed that children of drug using parents may in the long term show serve social and motional difficulties, and may show strong reactions against change, isolation, with difficulty in learning, problems with social humour and estrangement and isolation from family and peers. However the impact of parental alcohol or drug misuse varies according to the age of children and according to which developmental stage they are in. The impact also depends on abilities of children. Children with physical or learning disabilities or with some health problems may be more vulnerable to emotional difficulties due to their parents’ conditions and parents involved in substance misuse may have difficulties in understanding these especially sensitive children or meeting their needs. Thus assessment of care quality and parental support should always consider each child individually. Infants in their pre-school years and babies in general are particularly vulnerable to effects of physical and emotional injury and neglect and this can have damaging effects on their long term development and social adjustment. Neglect can happen when the parent in care is in an alcoholic or drugged condition and unaware of the child’s needs or reactions. Parental commitment to care for children is severely affected when in drugged or alcoholic condition and can lead to inappropriate responses to the questions or concerns of the child. The parents in drugged or alcoholic state may be unhappy, tensed or irritated and can even injure or harm the child under the influence of such conditions (Forrester, 2000). Poor and inconsistent parenting damages the attachment process and unpredictable parental behaviour hinders the child’s cognitive and emotional development. Substance misuse is usually an expensive vice and there may be financial demands on the parents which mean mon ey would be wasted and not used appropriately to improve a child’s material environment. Physical or emotional rejection in such household can prevent children from developing a positive sense of self esteem or even a sense of identity and children may have their physical needs neglected and tend to remain unwashed, uncared and unfed (Sher, 1991). Children may be beaten up and be subjected to direct physical violence and by witnessing direct domestic abuse, they may themselves learn inappropriate behaviour which may take the form of post traumatic stress disorder in which they display emotional symptoms if parental behaviour becomes unpredictable and frightening. Older or primary school children are at increased risks of injury and they may show symptoms of fear of hostility with parents and also anxiety. The gender of the children play an important role and girls may show different reactions to such parental behaviour than boys. Although boys tend to show behavioural problems like aggressiveness, girls can be equally affected. At this stage, poor parental supervision and parental neglect or disinterest can lead to failure in academic attainment and children’s attendance to school can become irregular or erratic. Separation from parents can also cause distress and disrupt social behaviour and academic achievement (Kroll, 2004). Parental behaviour can lead to feelings of embarrassment and shame in these individuals and may be responsible for making children socially isolated for fear of humiliation by friends. Children can also start taking responsibilities for themselves and their younger siblings and may become too independent trying to move away from home and family life. Children and adolescent with drug or alcohol problems at home may not attend school and become delinquent. They may become isolated with no friends, may reject family altogether and experience significant disruption in their education (McKeganey et al, 2002). Without parental support children at adolescence and puberty may have to face increased problems although they may become increasingly beyond parental control. Sexual aggression, bullying tendencies and emotional disturbances may accompany concerns of shame and embarrassment in children to compensate physical neglect by parents. Children with parental substance misuse might develop an early problem of drug and alcohol abuse themselves. Chandy et al (1993) discuss that children of alcoholics constitute an at-risk population and their study attempted to understand the impact of parental alcohol misuse on school performance of children. They used a sample of 838 teenagers from alcohol misusing parents and found that these teenagers performed significantly poorer in all the six measurements of school performance. The study identified that the teenagers who did perform well in school said that their parents have high expectations of them and these teenagers rated themselves highly in terms of health and also claimed to be religious and thus religiousness and parental expectations could be considered as protective factors as identified in this study. In another study by CoSandra et al. (2000) the effects of parental alcohol use on African American and White adults were studied. The study results indic

K Pop Invasion

 ·Jealous Jealous of the girl who caught your eye One of my darker days When you looked at her where was I? Shoulda been in her place, here I am All alone imagining what could have been If I had been there Jealous of the one whose arms are around you If she's keeping you satisfied Jealous of the one who finally found you Made your sun and your stars collide La la la la la la la She's a very, very lucky girl La la la la la la la Jealous of the one who won your heart They say it's a perfect match She's gonna get to be where you are And I don't get better than that She'll say you're fine Whisper words I wish were mineAnd they might have been If I had been there Jealous of the one whose arms are around you [ From: http://www. elyrics. net/read/n/nina-lyrics/jealous-lyrics. html ] If she's keeping you satisfied Jealous of the one who finally found you Made your sun and your stars collide La la la la la la la She's a very, very lucky girl La la la la la la la You know I'd fight the good fight If I thought I'd change your mind But if she makes you happy I would leave that dream behind Man, she better treat you right And give you everything ‘Cause at the moment she doesn't I'll be waiting in the wings Jealous of the one whose arms are around youIf she's keeping you satisfied Jealous of the one who finally found you Made your sun and your stars collide La la la la la la la She's a very, very lucky girl La la la la la la la La la la la la la la She's a very, very lucky girl  ·We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together I remember when we broke up the first time Saying, â€Å"This is it, I've had enough,† 'cause like We hadn't seen each other in a month When you said you needed space. (What? ) Then you come around again and say â€Å"Baby, I miss you and I swear I'm gonna change, trust me. † Remember how that lasted for a day? I say, â€Å"I hate you,† we break up, you call me, â€Å"I love you. â€Å"Oooh we called it off again last night But oooh, this time I'm telling you, I'm telling you We are never ever ever getting back together We are never ever ever getting back together You go talk to your friends, talk to my friends, talk to me But we are never ever ever ever getting back together Like, ever†¦ I'm really gonna miss you picking fights And me, falling for it screaming that I'm right And you, would hide away and find your peace of mind With some indie record that's much cooler than mine Oooh, you called me up again tonight But oooh, this time I'm telling you, I'm telling you We are never ever ever getting back togetherWe are never ever ever getting back together You go talk to your friends, talk to my friends, talk to me (talk to me) But we are never ever ever ever getting back together Oooh yeah, oooh yeah, oooh yeah Oh oh oh I used to think that we were forever ever And I used to say, â€Å"Never say never†¦ † Uggg, so he calls me up and he's like, â€Å"I still love you,† And I'm likeâ € ¦ â€Å"I just†¦ I mean this is exhausting, you know, like, We are never getting back together. Like, ever† No! We are never ever ever getting back together We are never ever ever getting back together You go talk to your friends, talk to my friends, talk to meBut we are never ever ever ever getting back together We, ohhh, getting back together,ohhh, We, ohhh, getting back together You go talk to your friends, talk to my friends, talk to me (talk to me) But we are never ever ever ever getting back together  ·Awake With every appearance by you Blinding my eyes, I can hardly remember The last time I felt like I do You? re an angel disguised And you? re lying real still But your heartbeat is fast just like mine And the movie? s long over That? s three that have passed, one more? s fine Will you stay awake for me? I don? t wanna miss anything I don? t wanna miss anything I will share the air I breatheI? ll give you my heart on a string I just don? t wanna miss anything I? m trying real hard not to shake I? m biting my tongue but I? m feeling alive And with every breath that I take I feel like I? ve won You? re my key to survival And if it? s a hero you want [. From: http://www. elyrics. net/read/s/secondhand-serenade-lyrics/awake-lyrics. html . ] I can save you, just stay here Your whispers are priceless Your presence is too so please stay here Will you stay awake for me? I don? t wanna miss anything I don? t wanna miss anything I will share the air I breathe I? ll give you my heart on a string I just don? t wanna miss anythingSay my name, I just want to hear you Say my name, so I know it's true You? re changing me, you? re changing me You showed me how to live, so just say, so just say That you? ll stay awake for me I don? t wanna miss anything I don? t wanna miss anything I will share the air I breathe I? ll give you my heart on a string I just don? t wanna miss anything  ·Inside My Heart I am nobody with no sense at all Pale as the mountain, cold as the shore Tried reminiscing, alone imagining What if I come to you? Then I stood up making the hours Gazing the sunsets, watching the stars.. Sparkling, smiling hello to my eyes. These as you come to meChorus: Inside my heart is you No greater love, no one above you Inside my heart is you Stay in love always, as I live in your ways Coz, inside my heart is you.. Play with the raindrops, lie on the sand (From: http://www. elyrics. net/read/f/frencheska-farr-lyrics/inside-my-heart-lyrics. html) Sail through the ocean, chasing the clouds Showed me completely what life is about†¦ I left with no worries flying so high (Repeat chorus) The end of all waiting, my new beginning Coz you have loved me this way. Inside my heart is you (oohh) No greater love no one above you ( no one above you†¦ oohh) Inside my heart is youStay in love always, as I live in your ways Coz, inside my heart is you.. Now I know the meaning Its love you creating The love in my heart is you†¦ Ins ide my heart is you..  ·Baby Baby [TAEYEON] Dorineun mam goma oon mam gadeukhi damaso Jelyebeun pojak soge (jonhago shipeunde) [YURI] Anilgoya ooseulgo ya ungdoonghan sang sang daemooneh Mae il miruneun babo (wae nagat janh ge) [JESSICA] Neul ootdon moseub neega nae mam hoob chingo [SUNNY] Gong maro numoo malo andweneunde [ALL] Please baby baby baby geu dae ga nae aneh [SEOHYUN] Numoo do gipi deurowa bo ilga iron nae sujubeun gobaek [ALL] Baby baby baby salmyo shi dagaga [SOOYOUNG]Jakeun mogsoriro gaga ee noman deurige malhae joolgeh [YOONA] Dab dab han mam mianhan mam onjenga jonaejool Mae il sahyo ganeun sunmool (jonhago shipeunde) [TIFFANY] Anilgo ya shireulgoya Geunyang nalpyon han chingu ee sangeun joldae anya (geuromyun ajae? ) [SUNNY] Neul otneun moseub nimam hoob chigo shipo [TAEYEON] Jongmaro numoo deulryo jugo shipo [ALL] Please baby baby baby geudaega nae aneh [From: http://www. elyrics. net/read/g/girls_-generation-lyrics/baby-baby-lyrics. html ] [JESSICA] Numoodo gipi deurowa bo il ga iron nae sujubeun gobaek [ALL] Baby baby baby sal myo shi dagaga [HYOYEON] Boodeuron noon ooseum euro noye momeh seumyo algoya [SEOHYUN] Sashil nudo algo nagagaji mothaneun nal [JESSICA] Oneu saenga naege no daga ogo itneungol [TAEYEON] Pogeunhan geu poomeuro nal gok anajwo [ALL] Please baby baby baby geudaega nae aneh [YURI] Numoo do gipi deurowa bo il ga iron nae sujubeun go baek [ALL] Baby baby baby sal myo shi dagaga [YOONA] Jakeun mogsoriro gaga ee noman neurige malhae jooleh [ALL] Please baby baby baby naega geudae aneh [TIFFANY] Sojong han sarang maneuro gadeugi chaewo nogo shipungolyo [ALL] Baby baby baby ijeneun geudaeye [TAEYEON] Nugodo boorubji anheul gajang yebeun yoja chinguya [ALL] Please baby baby baby

The Prevalence of Production Sharing Contracts in Oil and Gas

Abstract IntroductionBackgroundThe nature of the environment in which a business operates determines how it engages other players in the sector. This, therefore, determines the types of contracts that businesses get into. The oil and gas industry relies on contracts to carry out its activities just like other business entities do. The oil and gas industry mainly engages production sharing contracts, driven by the numerous stakeholder interests the sector has.Research TopicThe Prevalence of Production Sharing Contracts in Oil and Gas (Case Study of Sonangol, an Angolan Oil Company)AimThe aim of the study is to establish the prevalence of production sharing contracts in the oil and gas industry, with particular interest in Sonangol, an oil company in Angola.ObjectivesThe objectives of the study are: To determine the nature of the oil and gas business in Africa To determine the types of contracts administered in the oil and gas sector To determine the share of production sharing contracts relative to other types of contracts To establish the reasons for adoption of production sharing contracts at SonangolResearch questionsWhat types of contracts does Sonangol engage Are production sharing contracts prevalent at Sonangol Why does Sonangol adopt production sharing contracts What benefits and challenges do Sonangol get by using production sharing contracts Literature ReviewKey WordsContracts, Production Sharing Contracts, Effects, Prevalence, Economics, International Oil Companies, National Oil Companies, AngolaKey LiteratureBindemann, K., 1999. Production Sharing Agreements: An Economic Analysis This source touches on the economics of production sharing agreements with reference to oil and gas in Angola and the Middle East. Bindemann, K. 2000. The Response of Oil Contracts to Extreme Price Movements. Discussion Paper. Department of Economics (University of Oxford). Fattouh, B. and Darbouche, H., 2010. North African oil and foreign investment in changing market conditions. Energy Policy, 38(2), pp.119-1129.Gaps in literatureMost literature refers to situations in North Africa and the Middle East and not Angola or Sonangol. Most available literature is more than five years old. Chances are that the conditions have changed, rendering them irrelevant to current circumstances This section presents an analysis of existing literature on Oil and Gas in Africa and Angola in particular, while studying the types of contracts that oil and gas companies utilize. This is broken down into subtopics as follows:Oil and gas in AfricaThis section provides a general overview of the oil and gas industry, highlighting the major players: companies, countries, communities, and other stakeholders. History of the oil and gas industry in Africa Challenges in the African oil and gas industryOil and gas in AngolaThis section provides an overview of the Angolan oil and gas industry, highlighting the major players: companies, communities, and other stakeholders. History of the oil and gas industry in Angola Challenges in the Angolan oil and gas industry Merits of oil and gas to the Angolan EconomyContracting in the oil and gas industryTypes of contracts administered in the global oil and gas industry Comparison between contracting in Africa and the Middle EastProduction Sharing Co ntractsIdentify the parties involved Terms and conditions Benefits/demeritsContracting at Sonangol (Types of contracts)Encompasses all types of contractual agreements Sonangol engages Criteria Sonangol uses to select the type of contractual agreements it uses Ratio of contracts based on typeProduction sharing contracts at SonangolThe nature of production sharing contracts at Sonangol Parties involved Responsibility Terms and conditions Research Methodology The study will follow the constructivist approach and rely on the analysis of secondary data that will be obtained both from the private and public domain. Of particular interest will be records from Sonangol and researches published in journals. The research will use catalogues to locate relevant books and indexes to locate appropriate periodicals. In addition, the study will use the Internet to find relevant electronic resources and databases. An analysis of the books, periodicals, and databases would follow to ascertain the authority and quality of information. Data analysis will be quantitative. Findings i.Reasons for the adoption of production sharing contracts at Sonangolii.Advantages of production sharing contracts at Sonangol iii.Disadvantages of production sharing contracts at Sonangol iv.Comparison between production sharing contracts and other types of contracts at SonangolDiscussion Discuss the reasons for the prevalence of production sharing contracts at Sonangol, their merits, demerits, and challenges. Conclusion Summary of the suitability of production sharing contracts at Sonangol. Are they the best for the oil and gas industryShould they be upheld? References List of all works cited in the study Appendices Relevant documents, tables, and graphs